o:id 12623 url https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/12623 o:resource_template Journal article o:resource_class bibo:AcademicArticle dcterms:title Communautés islamiques et collectivité nationale dans trois États d'Afrique occidentale dcterms:publisher https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/25109 dcterms:date 1981 dcterms:type https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/8475 dcterms:identifier https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113524351 Q113524351 iwac-reference-0000203 dcterms:language https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/8355 dcterms:abstract Après la "balkanisation" de l'Afrique sud-saharienne la société musulmane locale s'est regroupée en fractions nationales. Elles se constituent en groupes de pression, contre-pouvoirs, forces politiques influentes. Les gouvernements composent avec elles ou cherchent à les utiliser en vue de renforcer une autorité parfois chancelante. Ce faisant, ils leur concèdent des créneaux d'autonomie qui les constituent parfois en "État dans l'État". De tels processus sont loin d'être uniformes, exclusifs ou immuables. Les phénomènes de politisation ou de repolitisation de l'Islam interfèrent avec d'autres processus, économiques, régionaux, ethniques, etc., et changent d'aspect selon les lieux, les groupes, les conjonctures, les stratégies des partenaires nationaux. La cohésion et la mobilisation des communautés islamiques en question sont également loin d'être assurées en toutes circonstances. L'auteur analyse le cas du Nigéria, du Niger er de la Haute-Volta. The " balkanization " of Africa south of the Sahara was parallel to a reorganization of local moslem society which reconstituted itself into national groupings corresponding to the new states. These new groupings enjoy international support. They have given themselves a new framework which is better integrated into the modem structures than were the traditional moslem frameworks. They have formed pressure groups, opposition groups and influential political forces. Governements negotiate with them and try to use them to shore up their sometimes shaky authority. In doing so the groupings obtain certain areas of autonomy and they thus sometimes develop into a " state within the state ". This process is far from being uniform, exclusive or unchanging. The phenomena of the politicization or repoliticization of Islam interfere with economie, regional, ethnie or other processes and vary according to place, the groups involved, the economic situation and the strategy of their national partners. Cohesion and mobilisation of the moslem communities concerned are also far from being certain under all circumstances. We intended to analyse three States in West Africa : Nigeria, Niger and Upper Volta. By taking together these different situations and the way they evolve we may obtain some pointers towards a deeper, broader and more systematic analysis of the politicization process of Islam, of national construction and of a plurality of political allegiances. dcterms:spatial https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/546 https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/540 https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/541 bibo:authorList https://islam.zmo.de/s/westafrica/item/1256 bibo:doi https://doi.org/10.3406/outre.1981.2291 10.3406/outre.1981.2291 bibo:issue 250 251 252 253 bibo:pageEnd 194 bibo:pageStart 156 bibo:volume 68 --